Ulysses Illustration Workshop – update

I just wanted to give you a quick update on my Ulysses Illustration Workshop with ARTISJUSTAWORD

 

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We had a great turn out. And I was very happily surprised by the high levels of enthusiasm and attentiveness. After my 10-minute talk on Ulysses and Joseph Wilkins’ 10-minute talk on illustration, everyone quickly got down to some sketching. Most people then chose to turn their initial sketched ideas into mono-prints, after a quick demonstration by Joseph.

 

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We had a good mix of town and gown – a couple of academics, one graduate student, a couple of non-academic university staff, with the remainder of participants having no link to the University of Oxford or Oxford Brookes University. The group were pretty evenly split between those who came to learn about Ulysses (55%) and those who came to learn about illustration (45%). When asked about what they enjoyed the most, participants’ answers were divided between learning about Ulysses (33%), learning about illustration (27%), listening to live music (by Chris Beard anf Phil Oakley from Flights of Helios (33%), and networking (7%). In their feedback, one participant suggested that the talks should have been longer, two participants said that they would have liked more illustrating time, one person would have liked the musicians to continue playing whilst they were sketching, and someone else suggested having more space for mono-printing. However, all-in-all, the feedback was very positive and everyone said they got a lot out of the event.

 

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I will be posting a follow-up blog post showing some of the actual illustrations created during the event.

 

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Once again, I’d like to thank the Ashmolean Museum for letting us use the Education Centre and Oxford University Press for donating 10 copies of Ulysses.

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The iPad in the Library

For the past two weeks (still early days) I have been using an IPad to start work on research for a new book. A very superficial part of me thought that the mere fact of writing on something sexy would make my book more so – not convinced of that now, but I am finding the whole PDF library really transformative in terms of my note taking and thinking. When I wrote my thesis, I transcribed all the sources I was quoting onto paper, often illegibly, made a lot of mistakes, and often forgot to write down the page number. With the next book I worked on, I used a laptop to write my notes, but the combination of over-zealous autocorrect and my ham-fisted touch-typing made those quotations quite unreliable too. That meant that in each case I had to spend weeks trawling around in libraries after I had finished, trying to find the original quotation and check it. This time round, it’s all different because I am finding PDFs of all the texts I want to quote from online, and downloading them into iBooks so I have my own little specialist library – in this case, of arcane 18c elocution manuals. I get the PDFs from ECCO (it’s a pain you can only do 250 pages at a time, usually shorter than the whole book) or from the ones digitised by Google. It would be brilliant if I could write my own notes in the margins of the pages, but I don’t think that’s possible with the files I have. But it all means that I have a permanent record of the edition I’ve used, and the page numbers are stable. In my pre-iPad life I would habitually transcribe too little, and then realise once the book had gone back to the stack that I had missed out the bit that I subsequently realised was most useful. Not any more. I am not a habitual enthuser about technology, (or more correctly, i don’t think I have ever done it before) but this is making a real difference to the way I work.

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A ‘great’ collaborative project by Antonella Castelvedere

Amongst the excellent resources available in the Great Writers Inspire collections there’s a lecture by Professor Peter McDonald on J.M. Coetzee which inspires the audience by challenging the notion of great writers as ‘spotless icons serenely floating above the murky complexity of their time or cultures’. In his analysis of the first sentence of Disgrace Professor McDonald demonstrates that the text calls for a scrutiny of its own language, the English language, and way of understanding the world, and poses crucial questions regarding the responsibilities of Western philosophical thought. In this critical sense, Coetzee is a ‘great’ writer. It is this interrogative approach to the cultural values that underpin literature and criticism that emerged from the discussions at the ‘Engage’ workshop hosted by the Oxford University Computing Services. Most participants recognised the need to evaluate critically the meaning of ‘greatness’ in literary texts and open the debate to external users of the Great Writers Inspire website. This online scholarly resource provides a combination of podcasts, e-books, essays and images, and the unpredictable dialogue between texts and con-texts seems to me its most valuable feature. The opportunity to select, combine and reuse materials encourages a mode of critical thinking that is performative and unequivocally provisional. And playful. I can see my students being inspired by accidental connections as they browse the site and discover new ways of approaching literature through quirky introductions, original manuscripts and thought-provoking lectures. This resource is a fine example of collaborative work and will definitely inspire similar projects as more teachers, researchers and students familiarise themselves with open content and virtual learning environments. One might then start to imagine the exploration of ‘great’ writing as a shared pursuit that speaks different languages and poses new vital questions. Thank you to the organisers of the ‘Engage’ event for introducing the resource and initiating a discussion on its educational potential. I look forward to the next stages in the development of the online collections.

Antonella Castelvedere is Lecturer in English at University Campus Suffolk.

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Charlotte Brontë: A Wish for Wings

Courtesy of the University of Texas Libraries, The University of Texas at Austin.

Charlotte Brontë was born on April 21, 1816, the third daughter of Rev. Patrick and Maria Brontë, and was followed by Branwell (1817), Emily (1818), and Anne (1820).  In 1820, the family moved to Haworth in the west riding of Yorkshire.  Soon after, the Brontë children lost their mother to cancer and their two eldest sisters to tuberculosis.  Charlotte would survive her younger siblings and out of a life of personal loss and hard struggle, became one of the greatest novelists the world has ever seen.

The Brontë sisters hoped to leave their positions as governesses and set up their own school.  To this end, Charlotte and Emily went to Brussels in 1842 for further instruction in French.  There, Charlotte received individual attention from her teacher, Constantin Heger.  Charlotte returned to Haworth in 1844 and wrote passionate, yearning letters to her beloved (but married) teacher: ‘I will not resign myself to the total loss of my master’s friendship – I would rather undergo the greatest bodily pains than have my heart constantly lacerated by searing regrets’.[1]

The school scheme never materialised, as pupils could not be found.  Charlotte soon set herself a new challenge: publication.  The Brontë children had written from a young age and in 1846 the Brontë sisters published (pseudonymously) Poems by Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell, though only two copies were sold.  Even before Poems was published, Charlotte was attempting to find a publisher for ‘three distinct and unconnected tales’: Emily’s Wuthering Heights, Anne’s Agnes Grey, and Charlotte’s first novel, The Professor, which remained unpublished until 1857, after her death.[2]

Despite these failures, Charlotte began a second novel, Jane Eyre (1847), which featured the journey of a passionate, orphaned child to independence, family, and love.  It was the first published of the sisters’ novels and was extremely popular, read by Queen Victoria (twice) and one of Charlotte’s literary heroes, W.M. Thackeray.  Reviewers could be more scathing, such as, Elizabeth Rigby who wrote ‘We do not hesitate to say that the tone of the mind and thought which has overthrown authority and violated every code human and divine abroad, and fostered Chartism and rebellion at home, is the same which has also written Jane Eyre’.[3]

As Charlotte was working on her third novel, Shirley, Branwell, Emily, and Anne died.  The third volume of the novel was written as Charlotte grieved.  She sent the completed manuscript to W.S. Williams, her publisher’s reader, for much-needed comment, as Charlotte had lost her two best readers in losing her sisters.

In Shirley (1849), Charlotte broadened her scope to look at contemporary social issues such as industrialisation, Chartism, and the ‘Woman Question’ through the lens of the Luddite riots and machine-breaking at the end of the Napoleonic wars.  Shirley herself was a dramatized version of Emily Brontë, a strong, mystically feminist character who attempts to play a man’s role in society.

Charlotte’s final novel Villette (1853) is, like The Professor, a Brussels school story and is narrated by Lucy Snowe, whose painfully self-contained psyche drove Matthew Arnold to complain that it was ‘a hideous undelightful convulsed constricted novel’.[4]  George Eliot, not yet then a novelist, loved it.  Lucy, like Charlotte, begins the novel as a student in a pensionnat and then becomes a teacher, winning the love of her ‘master’ M. Paul Emanuel.

In 1854, Charlotte married her father’s curate, Rev. Arthur Bell Nicholls, and in March, 1855 she died, possibly in early pregnancy.

While Charlotte will always be remembered for the losses she endured and for the gloomy isolation Haworth Parsonage seems to embody, what remains most inspiring are the four novels Charlotte left behind, especially Jane Eyre and the richly psychological Villette.


[1] Charlotte Brontë, ‘To Constantin Heger, 8 January 1845: Translation’, in The Letters of Charlotte Brontë, ed. by Margaret Smith, 3 vols (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1995-2005), I, pp. 379-380 (p. 379).

[2] Brontë, ‘To Messrs Aylott and Jones, 6 April 1846’, Letters, p. 461.

[3] Elizabeth Rigby, ‘From an Unsigned Review, Quarterly Review’, in The Brontës: The Critical Heritage, ed. by Miriam Allott (London: Routledge, 1974), pp. 109-110.

[4] Matthew Arnold, ‘Letter to Arthur Hugh Clough, 21 March 1853’, in The Letters of Matthew Arnold to Arthur Hugh Clough, ed. by Howard Foster Lowry (London: Oxford University Press, 1932), p. 132.

 

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The satisfaction of a reliable and interesting source….

During the time I have been working as a student ambassador for the Great Writers Inspire project, I have, on many occasion, been thwarted at the last moment by the three little words ‘all rights reserved’. After having stumbled across brilliantly evocative images and informative text, an online resources’ lack of Creative Commons license is frustrating to say the least.

However, in the process of researching for the Walt Whitman author page of the Great Writer’s website, I have found the fantastic Walt Whitman Archive: www.whitmanarchive.org. Being now slightly more experienced  in the complicated realms of copyright law, I went straight to the licensing section of the website, and  read the magic words: ‘You are free: To Share-copy, distribute and transmit the work’. I am not ashamed to admit that I found this news incredibly exciting, and started clicking through the website at great speed, my eyes greedily absorbing the content and my mind planning ways in which we could incorporate the resource into our own Whitman section.

What I discovered is this: The Walt Whitman archive is an electronic resource and teaching tool, created to make the vast and scattered work of Whitman easily accessible to all. In a statement which perfectly captures the need for scholarly website, the archive describes why it was established:

”Whitman’s work ‘defies the constraints of the book. Whitman’s work was always being revised, was always in flux, and fixed forms of print do not capture his incessant revisions.”

This is where the online archive steps in, and it definitely succeeds in this respect and beyond, providing a navigable website stuffed with Whitman content, which includes the different editions of Leaves of Grass, poems published in periodicals, correspondence, and contemporary reviews.

However, what I find most appealing about the website is the abundance of images it contains. These images show Whitman at various stages throughout his life, both as a young and old man, and each one is accompanied by a detailed note informing the viewer of the story behind its production. For example, we learn that the famous daguerreotype depicting Whitman, open shirted, in workman’s attire and ‘one of the roughs’, he later considered  as sending the wrong message, because he looked ‘so damned flamboyant’. Whitman was fascinated with photographic images of himself, and the website’s incorporation of so many varied portraits of the poet really reflects the interest of Whitman himself, and helps us gain a greater insight into the life and works of this famous and inspiring writer.

Walt Whitman by Samuel Hollyer, of a daguerreotype by Gabriel Harrison (original lost) New York,July 1854. Image reproduced from the Walt Whitman Archive.

 Alongside the portraits of the poet, there are also many images of Whitman’s poetic manuscripts and his Civil War notebooks, which describe in detail Whitman’s visits to hospitals, and contain stories collected from soldiers. The inclusion of such visual material complements Whitman’s written work, illustrating the context and creative process behind his poetry, creating an accessible and interesting starting point in which one can begin to study Whitman’s work and its context.

I am very pleased to think that the Great Writer’s website will be an invaluable online scholarly resource, similar to the Whitman  archive but even greater in its scope due to the varied authors and themes we will be presenting to students and all those interested in these works that continue to inspire in the 21st century.

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Some thoughts after ‘Engage’ by Erin Sullivan

As a Lecturer at the Shakespeare Institute, University of Birmingham, I would say that I work on a daily basis with a great writer, although I don’t stop and think about what this term means to me as much as I possibly should. The workshop at the Oxford University Computing Services was a great way of starting a really productive debate about what a ‘great writer’ is, how s/he ‘inspires’, and how as educators and researchers we can be a part of this process. For me the most exciting and profitable event was the discussion among 5 Oxford academics about what a great writer, or indeed a great text, is. With discussions ranging from Wordsworth to Milton to Auden to Shakespeare to more contemporary (and less Anglo-centric) writers, the speakers opened up a range of critical issues important to our understanding of why and how we teach certain writers. Is there something intrinsically and universally ‘great’ about certain writing, or is ‘greatness’ simply a product of cultural prestige and influence? Personally I feel that there’s a middle ground that needs to be found – great writing does evidence certain formal and philosophical properties (the ability for continued and varied rereading, for instance, an issue brought up in the discussion), but we also need to be sensitive to the ways in which ‘greatness’ is also produced by social factors such as the visibility of the book (i.e. whether or not it’s available in print, and if so to what extent) and the cultural hegemony of the country/government in which it is produced. I think more material along these lines in the Great Writers Project would make for really interesting reading and study. Once we’ve started to think about some of these issues, we can then proceed to considering why and how great writing inspires, and how teachers can be facilitators of this process. Very much looking forward to seeing what the project ultimately produces!

Erin Sullivan is a Lecturer and Fellow at the Shakespeare Institute, University of Birmingham.

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After Engage by Roisin Hancock

It’s been a busy first week back at school.

This time of year involves includes the mad rush of submitting coursework, the realisation that Y13 students are firmly headed out of school and (mostly) off to university, and Y12 students are about to make decisions about which A level courses to stay with and what sort of degrees they will apply to do.

All of this puts the Great Writers Inspire conference firmly into context. We looked at resources and approaches that would really help inspire our A level and undergraduate students.

One of the highlights for me was Seamus Perry’s talk on readings of a great text. This will be a fantastic introduction for the A2 students when they return from study leave in mid-June. I hope it will be a catalyst for some really independent thinking for them as well as encouraging them to stick with Literature at A2. I’ll go on to offer selected podcasts and videos throughout the course and will direct individual students to the site for independent browsing.

I’ll probably use Simon Horobin’s discussion of the history of English pronunciation with my A level English Language class as well.

All this is not to underestimate the value for a teacher of meeting up with other English teachers and the joy of sharing ideas, good practice and the love of literature.

So, many thanks to the Great Writers Inspire team for an invigorating couple of days as well as some great resources that will inspire both teachers and students.

 

Roisin Hancock is an English teacher at Teesside High School.

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